Healthy Child Programme Schedule of Interventions Guide
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Lifecourse stage
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Birth to 6 Months
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Screening
Immunisation
Mental and emotional health and wellbeing
Breastfeeding, healthy weight, nutrition and physical activity
Maintaining healthy relationships including sexual health
Alcohol, drugs and tobacco
Oral health and dental care
Improving self-care and health literacy
Inequalities and disparities
Safeguarding
Children with additional health and development needs including SEND
Intensive parenting support
Following the newborn and infant physical examination (NIPE), provide support, information and advice to families where infants have been identified as having conditions or requiring further follow-up for the infant’s eyes, heart, hips and testes (boys).
Refer to local pathways for giving feedback to parents or carers following NIPE, and for referral and management of specific conditions where appropriate.
Screening pathway, including early identification, referral and treatment of babies with 9 rare but serious conditions
Screening tests for you and your baby: babies in special care units
RNIB Health, social care and education professionals
NICE Specialist care of newborns
Newborn and infant physical examination (NIPE) screening programme handbook
Newborn and infant physical examination (NIPE) screening pathway
NHS.UK Screening programmes - The Antenatal and Newborn Screening e-learning module
British Heart Foundation Information and support
RNIB Supporting you
NHS.UK Congenital heart disease
Children’s Heart Federation Heart conditions
NHS.UK Developmental dysplasia of the hip
NHS.UK Undescended testicles
NHS.UK Squint
Following the newborn hearing screening programme (NHSP), provide support, information and advice to families where infants are identified as having hearing difficulties or require further follow-up.
Refer to local pathways for giving feedback to parents or carers following NHSP, and for referral and management of specific conditions, including referral to specialist children’s audiology services where appropriate.
Newborn hearing screening programme overview
Newborn hearing screening
National Deaf Children’s Society Information for professionals
National Deaf Children’s Society Information and support
Sense
Following newborn blood spot (heel prick) test or through targeted screening, provide support, information and advice to families where infants have been identified as having a health condition or require further follow-up.
Refer to local pathways for giving feedback to parents or carers following newborn blood spot, and for referral and management of specific conditions where appropriate.
Parents should also receive carrier results for cystic fibrosis (CF) and sickle cell disease (SCD) screening by 6 weeks of the infant’s birth.
Where parents have not received carrier results for cystic fibrosis (CF) and sickle cell disease (SCD) screening by 6 weeks of the infant’s birth, refer to local guidance and pathways for management.
Screening pathway, including early identification, referral and treatment of babies with 9 rare but serious conditions
Screening tests for you and your baby: babies in special care units
NICE Specialist care of newborns
NHS.UK Newborn blood spot test
NICE Sickle cell disease
NHS.UK Sickle cell disease
Sickle Cell Society
NHS.UK Cystic fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis Trust
NHS.UK Underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism)
British Thyroid Foundation
NHS.UK Thalassaemia
NHS England Genomics
NHS.UK Genetic and genomic testing
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor screening. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal health long-term conditions and complex needs
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips user guidance
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Review the immunisation status of infants and other family members eligible to be vaccinated according to the national routine and selective neonatal immunisation programmes (hepatitis B and tuberculosis).
UKHSA Immunisation against infectious disease (Green Book)
UKHSA Routine childhood immunisation schedule
UKHSA Infants born to hepatitis B infected mothers
NHS.UK BCG tuberculosis (TB) vaccine overview
Hepatitis B: antenatal screening and selective neonatal immunisation pathway
NICE Tuberculosis
NHS.UK Tuberculosis
UKHSA TB, BCG and your baby leaflet
E-Learning for Healthcare Immunisation on neonatal units
For infants born to hepatitis B positive mothers, review the infant’s hepatitis B vaccination status and follow local guidance for support and management. Ensure that infants who are eligible have been offered vaccination according to the selective neonatal immunisation programme for hepatitis B.
UKHSA Immunisation against infectious disease (Green Book)
UKHSA Routine childhood immunisation schedule
Guidance on the hepatitis b antenatal screening and selective neonatal immunisation pathway
UKHSA Hepatitis B: guidance, data and analysis
UKHSA Infants born to hepatitis B infected mothers
Hepatitis B: a guide to your care in pregnancy and after your baby is born
E-Learning for Healthcare Immunisation on neonatal units
NICE Hepatitis B quality standard (QS65)
Hepatitis B dried blood spot (DBS) testing for infants
Where infants have not received recommended immunisations, refer to the guide for uncertain or incomplete vaccinations and support parents and carers in their decision-making.
UKHSA Routine childhood immunisation schedule
Vaccination of individuals with uncertain or incomplete immunisation status
Provide personalised evidence-based information, advice and guidance to support parents and carers, including for those with children with long-term health or additional needs. Discuss parents’ and carers’ concerns to help them make an informed decision.
Early years high impact area 5: Improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
UKHSA Routine childhood immunisation schedule
Vaccination of individuals with uncertain or incomplete immunisation status
NHS.UK Hepatitis B vaccine overview
NHS.UK BCG tuberculosis (TB) vaccine overview
NHS.UK Tuberculosis
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor immunisations. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention.
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal vaccines and immunisations
OHID Fingertips TB Strategy monitoring indicators
OHID Fingertips Health Protection indicators
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips user guidance
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Infant mental health and wellbeing
Where there are concerns about infant mental health and wellbeing, provide an assessment to identify needs, strengths and vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example, provide parents and carers with support, information and advice about the importance of infant wellbeing including how to meet their infant’s emotional needs (emotional regulation and attunement), and respond to their infant’s cues. Give strengths-based feedback on positive parent-infant interactions and model attuned interactions in their interactions with their infant.
Support sensitive, responsive relationships, identifying and acting on risk factors for strengthening positive early relationships.
Wellbeing and mental health: applying all our health
Solihull Approach
Healthy beginnings: applying all our health
No child left behind: a public health informed approach to improving outcomes for vulnerable children
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: supporting maternal and family mental health
DHSC The best start for life: a vision for the 1,001 critical days
UNICEF Building a happy baby: a guide for parents
There is an association between parental mental health and infants’ early social and emotional development. Where there are concerns about the maternal, paternal or family-infant relationship and attachment, carry out a holistic assessment to identify need and vulnerability.
Offer personalised clinical interventions and evidence-based information in response to need. Use strengths-based approaches to empower parents and carers to meet the needs of their infant, and access targeted services appropriately.
To ensure support where infants, parents and carers have been identified as requiring other targeted or specialist services, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral. Targeted services may include those delivered by health visiting teams such as listening visits or offered in the wider community such as parenting programmes.
E-Learning for Healthcare Speech, language and communication 0 to 2 years targeted
Maternity high impact area 2: Supporting good parental mental health
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Solihull Approach Understanding your child
NSPCC Parental mental health problems
NHS.UK Mental health in pregnancy
NHS.UK Every mind matters
Family Nurse Partnership
NICE Social and emotional wellbeing: early years
NICE Early years: promoting health and wellbeing in under 5s
Maternity high impact area 6: Reducing the inequality of outcomes for women from black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) communities and their babies
Mental Health Foundation Black, Asian and minority ethnic communities
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Vulnerability in childhood: a public health informed approach
Safeguarding
Parental mental health and wellbeing
Where there are concerns about parental mental health and wellbeing, provide an assessment to identify needs, strengths and vulnerabilities.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions to support positive maternal, paternal and family mental health. Use strengths-based approaches to empower parents and carers to meet the needs of their infant, and access targeted services appropriately
Maternity high impact area 2: Supporting good parental mental health
Maternity high impact area 6: Reducing the inequality of outcomes for women from black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) communities and their babies
Early years high impact area 2: supporting maternal and family mental health
NHS.UK Mental health in pregnancy
NHS.UK Every mind matters
Family Nurse Partnership
NICE Antenatal and postnatal mental health: clinical management and service guidance
NICE Depression - antenatal and postnatal
DLUCH, DfE Supporting families
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Targeted services may include those delivered by health visiting teams such as listening visits or offered in the wider community such as parenting programmes.
Maternity high impact area 2: Supporting good parental mental health
Maternity high impact area 6: Reducing the inequality of outcomes for women from black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) communities and their babies
Early years high impact area 2: supporting maternal and family mental health
NHS.UK Mental health in pregnancy
NHS.UK Every mind matters
Family Nurse Partnership
NICE Antenatal and postnatal mental health: clinical management and service guidance
NICE Depression - antenatal and postnatal
When assessing and supporting infant, parental and family mental health, use strength-based approaches to provide support or onward referral. Avoid the potential for re-traumatisation by recognising when people may have experienced trauma or adverse childhood experiences.
Scottish Government Trauma-informed practice: toolkit
South Yorkshire Violence Reduction Unit Trauma-informed practice
Gloucestershire County Council Frameworks for being trauma-informed
Early Intervention Foundation Trauma-informed care: Understanding the use of trauma-informed approaches within children’s social care
Adverse Childhood Experience Support Hub Cymru and Wrexham University ‘Trauma-informed’: Identifying key language and terminology through a review of the literature
Working definition of trauma-informed practice
Ensure there is recognition and awareness of mental ill health and its signs and symptoms and raise awareness of the possible impact of parental mental ill health on an infant’s wellbeing.
Maternity high impact area 2: Supporting good parental mental health
Maternity high impact area 6: Reducing the inequality of outcomes for women from black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) communities and their babies
Early years high impact area 2: supporting maternal and family mental health
NHS.UK Mental health in pregnancy
NHS.UK Every mind matters
NICE Antenatal and postnatal mental health: clinical management and service guidance
NICE Depression - antenatal and postnatal
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Vulnerability in childhood: a public health informed approach
Safeguarding
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor mental health and wellbeing. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention.
OHID Fingertips Children and young people's mental health and wellbeing
OHID Fingertips Perinatal mental health
OHID Fingertips Mental health in pregnancy and infants reports
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips user guidance
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Where infant feeding support has been identified as requiring targeted intervention, carry out an infant feeding assessment to identify need.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions to support establishing and sustaining responsive breastfeeding or formula feeding.
Provide advice on introducing solids where issues exist such as cleft lip, faltering or rapid growth and ankyloglossia (tongue-tie).
Early years high impact area 3: Supporting breastfeeding
Early years high impact area 4: supporting healthy weight and nutrition
Healthy Pregnancy Pathway birth to 6-8 weeks targeted infant feeding
NICE Maternal and child nutrition
RCPCH Growth charts
NHS.UK Start4Life breastfeeding help and support
NHS.UK Start4Life Introduction of solid foods and diversification of the diet
NHS.UK Healthy Start
National breastfeeding helpline
First Steps Nutrition Trust
NHS.UK Cleft lip and palate
NICE Division of ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) for breastfeeding
NHS.UK tongue-tie
NHS.UK healthy diet advice
Where there are concerns, measure and record the infant’s length and weight.
RCPCH Growth charts
Where infants, parents and carers have been identified as requiring additional services, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Ensure staff are aware of local support services and referral guidance relating to breastfeeding, healthy weight, nutrition and physical activity.
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor breastfeeding, healthy weight, nutrition and physical activity. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention.
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal health breastfeeding
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips user guidance
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Where parents and carers have been identified as requiring targeted intervention for family relationship issues, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support such as reducing parental conflict or intensive parenting.
Provide information about local services, such as family hubs or children’s centres and GPs, where parents and carers can seek additional support and advice, where appropriate.
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Care continuity between midwifery and health visiting services: principles for practice
DWP Reducing Parental Conflict programme and resources
Race Equality Foundation Reducing Parental Conflict
Home Office Tackling violence against women and girls strategy
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Vulnerability in childhood: a public health informed approach
NICE Domestic violence and abuse
NHS.UK Domestic violence and abuse
DLUHC, DfE Supporting families
Home Office Domestic abuse how to get help
NHS.UK Sexual health
NICE Domestic violence and abuse: multi-agency working
Safeguarding
Safeguarding including domestic violence and abuse
Intensive parenting support
Use strength-based approaches to assess and support family relationships to avoid the potential for re-traumatisation by recognising when people may have experienced trauma or adverse childhood experiences.
Scottish Government Trauma-informed practice: toolkit
South Yorkshire Violence Reduction Unit Trauma-informed practice
Gloucestershire County Council Frameworks for being trauma-informed
Early Intervention Foundation Trauma-informed care: Understanding the use of trauma-informed approaches within children’s social care
Adverse Childhood Experience Support Hub Cymru and Wrexham University ‘Trauma-informed’: Identifying key language and terminology through a review of the literature
Working definition of trauma-informed practice
Where parents and carers have been identified as requiring targeted intervention for sexual health, such as repeated sexually transmitted infections, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support for sexual health concerns such as contraception.
Provide information about sexual health services where parents and carers can seek additional support and advice, where appropriate.
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
NHS.UK Sexual health
NHS.UK Guide to sexual health services
OHID Sexual and reproductive health and HIV: applying All Our Health
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding
Safeguarding including domestic violence and abuse
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor sexual and reproductive health. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention.
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal health pregnancy and birth
OHID Fingertips Teenage pregnancy and young parents reports
OHID Fingertips Sexual and reproductive health profiles
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips user guidance
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Alcohol
Where there are concerns about parental alcohol use, provide an assessment to identify needs and vulnerabilities.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example support parents to understand the risks and impact of alcohol use on their ability to provide safe, consistent care for their infant’s safety and development.
Alcohol use should be reviewed at each contact. The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Tool - Lite (ASSIST-Lite) is a short screening tool for use with adults (aged 18 or over) covering alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, stimulants, sedatives, opioids, and other psychoactive substances including use of medicines not as prescribed.
Parents with alcohol and drug problems: support resources
ASSIST-Lite alcohol and drug use, and tobacco smoking screening tool
Maternity high impact area 4: Reducing the incidence of harms caused by alcohol in pregnancy
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Early years high impact area 5: Improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
NICE Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
E-Learning for Healthcare Alcohol Identification and Brief Advice
UK Chief Medical Officers’ low risk drinking guidelines
Talk to Frank Honest information about drugs
Talk to Frank Find support near you
Alcohol: applying all our health
E-Learning for Healthcare All our health: alcohol
Keeping safe and accident prevention
Inequalities and disparities including parents in contact with the criminal justice system
Safeguarding
Infants born with alcohol withdrawal symptoms will receive specialist care. In addition, provide support for infants and their parents or carers, following local pathways to provide information about additional support or refer to specialist services as necessary.
NHS.UK Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder
NICE Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
NICE Drug misuse prevention: targeted interventions
Parents with alcohol and drug problems: support resources
RCOG Alcohol and pregnancy
Lullaby Trust
National Organisation for FASD
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Specialist
Provide parents and carers with information about local community-delivered support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA).
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
E-Learning for Healthcare Alcohol Identification and Brief Advice
UK Chief Medical Officers’ low risk drinking guidelines
Talk to Frank Honest information about drugs
Talk to Frank Find support near you
Alcohol: applying all our health
Parents with alcohol and drug problems: support resources
E-Learning for Healthcare All our health: alcohol
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Use strength-based approaches to assess and support parent and carers to avoid the potential for re-traumatisation by recognising when people may have experienced trauma or adverse childhood experiences.
Scottish Government Trauma-informed practice: toolkit
South Yorkshire Violence Reduction Unit Trauma-informed practice
Gloucestershire County Council Frameworks for being trauma-informed
Early Intervention Foundation Trauma-informed care: Understanding the use of trauma-informed approaches within children’s social care
Adverse Childhood Experience Support Hub Cymru and Wrexham University ‘Trauma-informed’: Identifying key language and terminology through a review of the literature
Working definition of trauma-informed practice
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Where there are safeguarding concerns follow local guidance and protocols from the Local Children’s Safeguarding Partnership.
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Drugs
Where there are concerns about parental or carer illicit drug and medicine misuse, provide an assessment to identify needs and vulnerabilities.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example support parents to understand the risks and impact of illicit drug and medicine misuse on their ability to provide safe, consistent care for their infant’s safety and development.
Parental or carer drug use should be reviewed at each contact. The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Tool - Lite (ASSIST-Lite) is a short screening tool for use with adults (aged 18 or over) covering alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, stimulants, sedatives, opioids, and other psychoactive substances including use of medicines not as prescribed.
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Early years high impact area 5: Improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
Alcohol and drug prevention, treatment and recovery: why invest?
Misuse of illicit drugs and medicine: applying all our health
ASSIST-Lite alcohol and drug use, and tobacco smoking screening tool
DHSC Drug misuse and dependence: UK guidelines on clinical management
Talk to Frank Honest information about drugs
NICE Drug misuse prevention: targeted interventions
Parents with alcohol and drug problems: support resources
Talk to Frank Find support near you
Drugs commissioning support: principles and indicators
DHSC Drug misuse and dependence: UK guidelines on clinical management
NICE Drug misuse prevention: targeted interventions
E-Learning for Healthcare Alcohol identification and brief advice
Developing pathways for referring patients from secondary care to specialist alcohol treatment
Cocaine Anonymous (CA)
Narcotics Anonymous (NA)
Safeguarding
Infants born with drug withdrawal symptoms will receive specialist care. In addition, provide support for infants and their parents or carers, following local pathways to provide information about additional support or refer to specialist services as necessary.
Parents with alcohol and drug problems: support resources
NICE Drug misuse prevention: targeted interventions
NICE Substance dependence
RCOG Alcohol and pregnancy
Lullaby Trust
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Specialist
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Use strength-based approaches to assess and support parents and carers to avoid the potential for re-traumatisation by recognising when people may have experienced trauma or adverse childhood experiences.
Scottish Government Trauma-informed practice: toolkit
South Yorkshire Violence Reduction Unit Trauma-informed practice
Gloucestershire County Council Frameworks for being trauma-informed
Early Intervention Foundation Trauma-informed care: Understanding the use of trauma-informed approaches within children’s social care
Adverse Childhood Experience Support Hub Cymru and Wrexham University ‘Trauma-informed’: Identifying key language and terminology through a review of the literature
Working definition of trauma-informed practice
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Where there are safeguarding concerns, referrals to children’s social care should be made. Follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Tobacco and vaping
Where parents or carers present as smokers wishing to stop smoking, provide brief intervention and refer into targeted services to support them to stop such as local stop smoking services.
Smoking should be reviewed at each contact. The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Tool - Lite (ASSIST-Lite) is a short screening tool for use with adults (aged 18 or over) covering alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, stimulants, sedatives, opioids, and other psychoactive substances including use of medicines not as prescribed.
Where there are concerns about parental tobacco use or vaping, provide an assessment to identify needs and vulnerabilities.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example brief interventions to support them to stop and help them understand the impact of smoke free homes, second-hand smoke and vaping on their infant’s health including respiratory wheeze, development and safety.
ASSIST-Lite alcohol and drug use, and tobacco smoking screening tool
E-Learning for Healthcare Supporting a smokefree pregnancy and smokefree families (SCP)
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Early years high impact area 5: Improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
Maternity high impact area 5: Supporting parents to have a smokefree pregnancy
Smoking and tobacco: applying All Our Health
NHS.UK Local stop smoking services
NICE Smoking: stopping in pregnancy and after childbirth
NICE Tobacco: preventing uptake, promoting quitting and treating dependence
Health matters: Stopping smoking - what works?
NHS.UK Live well quit smoking
Lullaby Trust Smoking
NHS.UK Passive smoking
Provide information about local smoking cessation services.
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
E-Learning for Healthcare Supporting a smokefree pregnancy and smokefree families (SCP)
NHS.UK Local stop smoking services
NICE Smoking: stopping in pregnancy and after childbirth
NICE Tobacco: preventing uptake, promoting quitting and treating dependence
Health matters: Stopping smoking - what works?
NHS.UK Live well quit smoking
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor alcohol, drug and tobacco use. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention.
OHID Fingertips Local alcohol profiles for England
OHID Fingertips Local tobacco control profiles
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal health pregnancy and birth
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips user guidance
Close pop-up
Where infants, parents and carers have been identified as requiring targeted intervention for oral health or dental care, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support where there are oral health and dental care concerns such as cleft lip and palate.
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 5: improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
DHSC Delivering better oral health
All Our Health: Child oral health
Interactive townscape on child oral health
NICE Dental checks: intervals between oral health reviews
Oral health and dental care
Specialist
Provide information about dental services where parents and carers can seek additional support and advice, where appropriate.
Oral health and dental care
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor oral health and dental care. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention.
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal health oral health
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips user guidance
Close pop-up
Where infants have been identified as requiring targeted intervention for allergies or anaphylaxis, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support to help them to manage symptoms and access specialist services appropriately.
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 5: improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
Anaphylaxis Campaign
NICE Allergies
RCPCH Allergy care pathways – education resources for healthcare professionals (2011)
NHS.UK Allergies
Healthier Together I’m worried about…
Specialist
Where infants have been identified as requiring targeted intervention for long-term health needs, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support to help them to manage symptoms and access specialist services appropriately.
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 5: improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
NICE Epilepsy
BMJ Epilepsy: putting NICE guidelines into practice
NHS.UK Epilepsy
NHS.UK Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle Cell Society
NICE Sickle Cell Disease
NHS.UK Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis Trust
Healthier Together I’m worried about…
Specialist
Where infants have been identified as requiring targeted intervention for complex needs and disabilities, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support to help them to manage symptoms and access specialist services appropriately.
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 5: improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
Downs Syndrome Association
SCOPE Support groups for parents with disabled children
Bliss for babies born premature or sick
Specialist
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Acting as advocates for parents and infants, provide information to families about additional targeted and specialist services and voluntary sector agencies. Where appropriate, work in partnership with these services.
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 5: improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
GOV.UK Find a local support group for children, young people and families
SCOPE Support groups for parents with disabled children
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor self-care and health literacy. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention.
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal health
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips user guidance
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Minority groups
Where infants, parents or carers from minority groups have been identified as requiring a targeted intervention, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability to reduce disparities and improve health outcomes. This may include Gypsy, Traveller and Roma (GRT) and Boater communities who may have difficulty understanding and navigating the system to access health and care services appropriately.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support to help individuals to overcome any barriers to accessing services.
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Maternity high impact area 1: Improving planning and preparation for pregnancy
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
No child left behind: a public health informed approach to improving outcomes for vulnerable children
NHS.UK Children and young people’s services
Inclusion health: applying All Our Health
Healthy equity
Voluntary, Community and Social Enterprise (VCSE) Inclusion Health Audit Tool
Friends, Families and Travellers
Where infants, parents or carers have been identified as requiring a targeted intervention because their ethnicity represents an increased risk of specific health conditions, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support to help individuals to access services appropriately.
Consider cultural practices, particularly when working with families from ethnic minority groups and provide a sensitive and supportive response to their implications for health, including female genital mutilation (FGM), and where parents are blood relations (consanguinity).
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Inclusion health: applying All Our Health
Mental and emotional health and wellbeing
Maternity high impact area 6: Reducing the inequality of outcomes for women from Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) communities and their babies
NICE Diabetes (type 1 and type 2) in children and young people: diagnosis and management
NHS.UK Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle Cell Society
NICE Sickle Cell Disease
NHS.UK Thalassaemia
Home Office Female genital mutilation
NHS.UK Female genital mutilation
Children with additional health and development needs including complex needs and disability
E-Learning for Healthcare Cultural competence
Where infants, parents or carers who are asylum seekers, refugees or vulnerable migrants are identified as requiring a targeted intervention, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability to reduce disparities and improve health outcomes. This may include those who may have difficulty understanding and navigating the system to access health and care services appropriately.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support to help individuals to overcome any barriers to accessing services.
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Consider referring families whose first language is not English to English as a second language services.
No child left behind: a public health informed approach to improving outcomes for vulnerable children
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Inclusion health: applying All Our Health
Modern slavery and public health
Home Office Modern slavery collection
Voluntary, Community and Social Enterprise (VCSE) Inclusion Health Audit Tool
DfE Safeguarding unaccompanied asylum seeking and refugee children
NHS entitlements: migrant health guide
Safeguarding
Infants and families with family members in the armed forces or who are veterans may need additional support to manage stress around deployment, separation, isolation, caring responsibilities, moving between locations and access to health services.
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Mental and emotional health and wellbeing
Housing and living conditions including tenure
NHS service families: welfare and support
Ministry of Defence what the covenant means to you: leaflets
Inclusion health: applying All Our Health
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Parents in contact with the criminal justice system
Where parents or other close family members are involved with the criminal justice system, infants can be more vulnerable to poorer health and wellbeing outcomes.
Where parents and carers in contact with the criminal justice system have been identified as requiring targeted intervention, provide an assessment to identify health needs, strengths and vulnerability of parents, carers and infants.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support.
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Early years high impact area 5: Improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
No child left behind: a public health informed approach to improving outcomes for vulnerable children
HMPPS Support for professionals working with offenders
Barnardo’s, HMPPS National Information Centre on Children of Offenders (NICCO)
Inclusion health: applying All Our Health
Prisoners’ Families Helpline
Mental and emotional health and wellbeing
Safeguarding
Intensive parenting support including nurturing parenting
Provide information about local services, such as family hubs or children’s centres and GPs, where parents and carers can seek additional support and advice.
HMPPS Support for professionals working with offenders
Barnardo’s, HMPPS National Information Centre on Children of Offenders (NICCO)
Prisoners’ Families Helpline
Mental and emotional health and wellbeing
Intensive parenting support including nurturing parenting
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Workless and low income households
Where infants and families have been identified as needing targeted intervention due to being workless households or having a low income, work in partnership with other agencies and parents and carers to carry out assessment to identify needs, strengths and vulnerabilities, and develop appropriate plans.
Offer targeted interventions in response to need, which may include joint visits or consultations with other professionals or advocacy. Use strengths-based approaches to empower parents and carers to meet the needs of their infant, and access services appropriately.
GOV.UK Sure Start Maternity Grant
GOV.UK Find your local council
Citizens Advice
UK Government Benefits and financial support for families
GOV.UK Disability living allowance for children
GOV.UK Financial help if you have children
GOV.UK Healthy Start
NHS.UK Healthy Start
Guidance to support commissioning of the healthy child programme 0 to 19 Commissioning guide 2: model specification
Vulnerability in childhood: a public health informed approach
DLUHC, DfE Supporting families
Safeguarding
Work with partners to respond to identified needs requiring a multi-agency approach such as accident prevention, frequent attendance at A&E, housing needs or domestic abuse.
DLUHC, DfE Supporting families
Improving self-care and health literacy
Safeguarding
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, work in partnership to follow local pathways and to complete referral.
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Housing and living conditions including tenure
Where infants and families have been identified as needing targeted intervention due to unhealthy, overcrowded precarious housing, work in partnership with other agencies and parents and carers to carry out assessment to identify needs, strengths and vulnerabilities, and develop appropriate plans.
Offer targeted interventions in response to need, which may include joint visits or consultations with other professionals or advocacy. Use strengths-based approaches to empower parents and carers to meet the needs of their infant, and access services appropriately.
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, work in partnership to follow local pathways and to complete referral.
Early years high impact area 5: improving health literacy, managing illnesses and reducing accidents
Reducing unintentional injuries among children and young people
Inclusion health: applying All Our Health
Guidance to support commissioning of the healthy child programme 0 to 19 Commissioning guide 2: model specification
Vulnerability in childhood: a public health informed approach
DLUHC, DfE Supporting families
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Safeguarding (Community)
Healthy and inclusive neighbourhoods including housing and living conditions including tenure
Keeping safe and accident prevention
Inequalities and disparities
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor inequalities and disparities. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention.
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal health
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips Wider determinants of health
OHID Fingertips user guidance
Close pop-up
Vulnerability and early help
Where infants and families have been identified as vulnerable and require targeted interventions, for example families in poverty, poor housing or at risk of hidden harms, work in partnership with other agencies and parents and carers to carry out an assessment including family relationships and dynamics, and chronology of events to identify needs, strengths and vulnerabilities, and develop appropriate plans.
Offer personalised clinical interventions in response to need, which may include joint visits or consultations with other professionals. Use strengths-based approaches to empower parents and carers to meet the needs of their infant, and access services appropriately.
Guidance to support commissioning of the healthy child programme 0 to 19 Commissioning guide 2: model specification
Vulnerability in childhood: a public health informed approach
DLUHC, DfE Supporting families
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Community)
Use strength-based approaches to assess and support parents and carers to avoid the potential for re-traumatisation by recognising when people may have experienced trauma or adverse childhood experiences.
Scottish Government Trauma-informed practice: toolkit
South Yorkshire Violence Reduction Unit Trauma-informed practice
Gloucestershire County Council Frameworks for being trauma-informed
Early Intervention Foundation Trauma-informed care: Understanding the use of trauma-informed approaches within children’s social care
Adverse Childhood Experience Support Hub Cymru and Wrexham University ‘Trauma-informed’: Identifying key language and terminology through a review of the literature
Working definition of trauma-informed practice
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, work in partnership to follow local pathways.
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Community)
Where infants transfer in or out-of-area, ensure that the infant’s health records are transferred to the receiving service with particular reference to GPs, health visiting services and children’s social care. Local guidance and best practice should be adhered to, and information regarding specialist services included in the handover to ensure continuity of care.
Guidance to support commissioning of the healthy child programme 0 to 19 Commissioning guide 2: model specification
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Community)
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Children in need
A child in need is defined under the Children Act 1989 and 2004 as a child who is unlikely to reach or maintain a satisfactory level of health or development, or their health or development will be significantly impaired without the provision of children's social care services, or the child is disabled.
Work in partnership with other agencies and parents and carers to carry out holistic assessment including family relationships and dynamics, and chronology of events to identify needs, strengths and vulnerabilities, and develop appropriate care plans.
Offer personalised clinical interventions in response to need, which may include joint visits or consultations with other professionals in response to need. Use strengths-based approaches to empower parents and carers to meet the needs of their infant, and access targeted services appropriately.
Safeguarding
E-Learning for Healthcare Safeguarding children and young people programme
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Vulnerability in childhood: a public health informed approach
Guidance to support commissioning of the healthy child programme 0 to 19 Commissioning guide 2: model specification
Children Act 1989
Children Act 2004
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Community)
Use strength-based approaches to assess and support parents and carers to avoid the potential for re-traumatisation by recognising when people may have experienced trauma or adverse childhood experiences.
Scottish Government Trauma-informed practice: toolkit
South Yorkshire Violence Reduction Unit Trauma-informed practice
Gloucestershire County Council Frameworks for being trauma-informed
Early Intervention Foundation Trauma-informed care: Understanding the use of trauma-informed approaches within children’s social care
Adverse Childhood Experience Support Hub Cymru and Wrexham University ‘Trauma-informed’: Identifying key language and terminology through a review of the literature
Working definition of trauma-informed practice
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, work in partnership to follow local pathways to complete referral.
Where infants transfer in or out-of-area, ensure that the infant’s health records are transferred to the receiving service with particular reference to GPs, health visiting services and children’s social care. Local guidance and best practice should be adhered to, and information regarding specialist services included in the handover to ensure continuity of care.
Guidance to support commissioning of the healthy child programme 0 to 19 Commissioning guide 2: model specification
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Community)
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Where safeguarding concerns escalate, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
DfE Working together to safeguard children
E-Learning for Healthcare Safeguarding children and young people programme
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Community)
Children with child protection plans
An infant has a child protection plan if they are assessed as being at risk of significant harm at an initial child protection conference.
Work in partnership with other agencies and parents and carers to review assessment including family relationships and dynamics and chronology of events, identifying needs, strengths and vulnerabilities, and develop appropriate care plans.
Offer personalised clinical interventions in response to need, which may include joint visits or consultations with other professionals in response to need. Use strengths-based approaches to empower parents and carers to meet the needs of their infant, and access targeted services appropriately.
DfE, DHSC Promoting the health and wellbeing of looked-after children
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Guidance to support commissioning of the healthy child programme 0 to 19 Commissioning guide 2: model specification
Safeguarding
E-Learning for Healthcare Safeguarding children and young people programme
Use strength-based approaches to assess and support parents and carers to avoid the potential for re-traumatisation by recognising when people may have experienced trauma or adverse childhood experiences.
Scottish Government Trauma-informed practice: toolkit
South Yorkshire Violence Reduction Unit Trauma-informed practice
Gloucestershire County Council Frameworks for being trauma-informed
Early Intervention Foundation Trauma-informed care: Understanding the use of trauma-informed approaches within children’s social care
Adverse Childhood Experience Support Hub Cymru and Wrexham University ‘Trauma-informed’: Identifying key language and terminology through a review of the literature
Working definition of trauma-informed practice
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, work in partnership to follow local pathways to complete referral.
Where infants transfer in or out-of-area, ensure that the infant’s health records are transferred to the receiving service with particular reference to GP, health visiting services and children’s social care. Local guidance and best practice should be adhered to, and information regarding specialist services included in the handover to ensure continuity of care.
Guidance to support commissioning of the healthy child programme 0 to 19 Commissioning guide 2: model specification
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Community)
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Looked-after children
Follow statutory guidance including health assessments that consider family relationships and dynamics, and chronology of events to inform the health plan and ensure looked-after children have access to any physical, developmental, emotional or mental health care they may need, including support for foster carers regarding health issues.
Offer personalised clinical interventions in response to need, which may include joint visits or consultations with other professionals in response to need. Use strengths-based approaches to empower parents and carers to meet the needs of their infant, and access targeted services appropriately.
For example, looked-after children can be at a higher risk of missing out on childhood vaccinations or development reviews. For missed immunisations, refer to the guide for uncertain or incomplete vaccinations.
DfE, DHSC Promoting the health and wellbeing of looked-after children
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Guidance to support commissioning of the healthy child programme 0 to 19 Commissioning guide 2: model specification
Intensive parenting support including young parents
Children’s Commissioner Help at hand
Immunisation
Vaccination of individuals with uncertain or incomplete immunisation status
Safeguarding
E-Learning for Healthcare Safeguarding children and young people programme
Work with foster carers and social workers to ensure full delivery of the local infant public health offer.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Targeted
Specialist
Community
Use strength-based approaches to assess and support parents and carers to avoid the potential for re-traumatisation by recognising when people may have experienced trauma or adverse childhood experiences.
Scottish Government Trauma-informed practice: toolkit
South Yorkshire Violence Reduction Unit Trauma-informed practice
Gloucestershire County Council Frameworks for being trauma-informed
Early Intervention Foundation Trauma-informed care: Understanding the use of trauma-informed approaches within children’s social care
Adverse Childhood Experience Support Hub Cymru and Wrexham University ‘Trauma-informed’: Identifying key language and terminology through a review of the literature
Working definition of trauma-informed practice
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, work in partnership to follow local pathways to complete referral.
Where infants transfer in or out-of-area or has a change of placement, ensure that the infant’s health records are transferred to the receiving service with particular reference to GP, health visiting services and children’s social care. Local guidance and best practice should be adhered to, and information regarding specialist services included in the handover to ensure continuity of care
Guidance to support commissioning of the healthy child programme 0 to 19 Commissioning guide 2: model specification
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Community)
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Domestic violence and abuse
Where domestic violence or abuse is suspected, discuss concerns safely, when the individual is away from the abuser and there is no risk of being overheard. This will usually be when an individual is alone except where they wish to have a friend or family member present for support.
No child left behind: a public health informed approach to improving outcomes for vulnerable children
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Barnardo’s Families affected by domestic abuse
NICE Domestic violence and abuse
NHS.UK Domestic violence and abuse
DLUHC, DfE Supporting families
Home office Domestic abuse how to get help
NHS.UK Sexual health
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
NICE Domestic violence and abuse: multi-agency working
Safeguarding
Where domestic violence and abuse (including controlling relationships between parents) is identified, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures. Consider the infant as a victim and determine if further safeguarding actions are required.
Undertake holistic assessment according to local guidance to identify needs, strengths and vulnerabilities including family relationships and dynamics, and chronology of events.
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
NICE Domestic violence and abuse
NHS.UK Domestic violence and abuse
Home office Domestic abuse how to get help
NHS.UK Sexual health
NICE Domestic violence and abuse: multi-agency working
Mental and emotional health and wellbeing
Alcohol, drugs and tobacco
Safeguarding
NSPCC Learning Early help (or early intervention)
Home Office and Ministry of Justice Domestic Abuse Bill
Where infants, parents and carers have been identified as requiring targeted intervention, based on need provide personalised clinical interventions.
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, work in partnership to follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
NICE Domestic violence and abuse
NHS.UK Domestic violence and abuse
Home office Domestic abuse how to get help
NHS.UK Sexual health
NICE Domestic violence and abuse: multi-agency working
Mental and emotional health and wellbeing
Alcohol, drugs and tobacco
Safeguarding
NSPCC Learning Early help (or early intervention)
Home Office and Ministry of Justice Domestic Abuse Bill
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Community)
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor the health and wellbeing of vulnerable infants and those with safeguarding needs. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention.
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal health vulnerable children and young people
OHID Fingertips Improving health outcomes for vulnerable children and young people reports
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips Wider determinants of health
OHID Fingertips user guidance
Close pop-up
Complex needs and disability
Work in partnership with other agencies and parents and carers to review assessment identifying needs, strengths and vulnerabilities, and develop appropriate care plans to meet the needs of children with complex needs including those with special education needs and disabilities (SEND), for example from pregnancy or following birth, or prior to hospital discharge.
Offer personalised clinical interventions in response to need, which may include joint visits or consultations with other professionals in response to need. Use strengths-based approaches to empower parents and carers to meet the needs of their infant, and access targeted services appropriately.
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, work in partnership to follow local pathways to complete referral.
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Early years high impact area 5: Improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
NHS.UK How to care for children with complex needs
GOV.UK Children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)
Care continuity between midwifery and health visiting services: principles for practice
E-Learning for Healthcare: Early developmental support programme
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Safeguarding (Community)
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
NHS.UK How to care for children with complex needs
Care continuity between midwifery and health visiting services: principles for practice
E-Learning for Healthcare: Early developmental support programme
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Children born prematurely, or with underlying chronic lung disease are at increased risk of developing severe bronchiolitis from respiratory infections, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Encourage standard infection control practices such as respiratory hygiene, handwashing with soap and warm water, and cleaning of surfaces. Ideally, people with colds should avoid close contact with newborn babies, infants born prematurely (before 37 weeks), children under 2 born with heart or lung conditions, and those with weakened immune systems. Smoking around young children is a risk factor for severe RSV infection.
NHS.UK Bronchiolitis
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV): symptoms, transmission, prevention, treatment
Where complex needs and disability are the result of inherited genetic conditions, provide support, information and advice and refer to specialist services including genetic counselling where appropriate.
NHS England Genomics
NHS.UK Genetic and genomic testing
Where parents are blood relations (consanguinity), provide support, information and advice and refer to specialist services including genetic counselling where appropriate.
NHS England Genomics
NHS.UK Genetic and genomic testing
Infants with additional and complex needs may also have speech, language and communication needs, for example, hearing impairment; Down’s syndrome; motor disorders such as cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy; childhood stroke; and craniofacial conditions.
Where infants have been identified as requiring targeted intervention for early speech and language development, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example, information, advice and support for early speech and language development following guidance in the speech, language and communication pathway.
Speech, language and communication pathway 0 to 2 years
Best start in speech, language and communication (SLC)
NHS.UK How to care for children with complex needs
DHSC Supporting children with special educational needs and disabilities
E-Learning for Healthcare: Early developmental support programme
Where parents or carers are caring for a terminally ill infant or have experienced the death of a child or miscarriage, offer support in their bereavement. Refer to specialist child palliative and end of life care where appropriate. In addition, provide information about relevant support groups and programmes.
Listen to parental concerns about caring for their future children and provide support, information and advice to help alleviate anxiety.
Lullaby Trust Care of Next Infant (CONI)
Palliative and end of life care
NICE End of life care for infants, children and young people with life-limiting conditions: planning and
management
GOV.UK Find a local support group for children, young people and families
Hospice UK
Child Bereavement UK
SANDS Stillbirth and neonatal death charity
Bliss for babies born premature or sick
Long-term health and wellbeing needs
Work in partnership with other agencies and parents and carers to review assessment identifying needs, strengths and vulnerabilities, and develop appropriate care plans to meet the needs of infants with long-term health needs, for example infants who have spina bifida, congenital heart disease or cancer.
Offer personalised clinical interventions in response to need, which may include joint visits or consultations with other professionals. Use strengths-based approaches to empower parents and carers to meet the needs of their infant, manage symptoms and access targeted services appropriately.
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, work in partnership to follow local pathways to complete referral.
NHS England House of care: a framework for long-term condition care
Early years high impact area 5: improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
NICE Epilepsy
BMJ Epilepsy: putting NICE guidelines into practice
NHS.UK Epilepsy
NHS.UK Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle Cell Society
NICE Sickle Cell Disease
NHS.UK Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis Trust
NHS England NHS Commissioning children and young people’s cancer
Young Lives vs Cancer
NHS.UK Congenital heart disease
NHS.UK Spina bifida
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Safeguarding (Community)
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
NHS England House of care: a framework for long-term condition care
Early years high impact area 5: improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Support infants and families with allergies and anaphylaxis, offering personalised clinical interventions in response to need, which may include joint visits or consultations with other professionals. Use strengths-based approaches to empower parents and carers to meet the needs of their infant, manage symptoms and access targeted services appropriately.
Early years high impact area 5: improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
NICE Allergies
RCPCH Allergy care pathways – education resources for healthcare professionals (2011)
NHS.UK Allergies
Speech, language and communication needs
Where infants have been identified as requiring targeted intervention for early speech and language development, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example, information, advice and support for early speech and language development following guidance in the speech, language and communication pathway.
Where there are concerns about an infant’s early speech and language development as a result of maternal or paternal -infant relationship and attachment, follow local protocols for assessment of infant mental health and parent or carer attachment.
Speech, language and communication pathway 0 to 2 years
Best start in speech, language and communication (SLC)
E-Learning for Healthcare Speech, language and communication 0 to 2 years targeted
Maternity high impact area 2: Supporting good parental mental health
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Solihull Approach Understanding your child
GOV.UK Working together to safeguard children
Where infants have been identified in high risk group for delayed early speech and language development, provide an assessment to identify health needs and vulnerability. This may include infants living in socioeconomic deprivation, infants with cleft lip and palate or with additional needs such as Down’s syndrome.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support for early speech and language development following guidance in the speech, language and communication pathway.
Vulnerability in childhood: a public health informed approach
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 6: Ready to learn and narrowing the word gap
Best start in speech, language and communication (SLC)
E-Learning for Healthcare Speech, Language and Communication 0 to 2 years targeted
E-Learning for Healthcare: Best start in language, speech and communication
NHS.UK Cleft lip and palate
Cleft Lip and Palate Association
Downs Syndrome Association
RCSLT Creating better lives for people with communication and swallowing needs
Solihull Approach Understanding your child
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor the health and wellbeing needs of children with additional health and development needs including SEND. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention.
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal health long-term conditions and complex needs
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal health vulnerable children and young people
OHID Fingertips Speech, language and communication reports
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips user guidance
Close pop-up
Young parents
The outcomes for young parents and their children are disproportionately poor, with higher rates of low birthweight, postnatal depression and poor mental health for up to 3 years after birth.
Teenage parents are more likely to smoke before, during and throughout pregnancy and adolescent mothers are less likely to initiate and maintain breastfeeding. Infants of teenage mothers are more likely to die from sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI).
Early, coordinated and sustained support for adolescent mothers and fathers can improve the life chances for them and the next generation of children.
Where young parents have been identified as requiring targeted intervention, provide an assessment to identify health needs, strengths and vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example build a trusted relationship with young parents to enhance their skills, confidence and aspirations and avoid poorer outcomes.
Teenage mothers and young fathers: support framework
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Early years high impact area 3: Supporting breastfeeding
Early years high impact area 4: supporting healthy weight and nutrition
Early years high impact area 5: Improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
Early years high impact area 6: Ready to learn and narrowing the word gap
Family Nurse Partnership
Care continuity between midwifery and health visiting services: principles for practice
Mental and emotional health and wellbeing
NHS.UK Mental health in pregnancy
Alcohol, drugs and tobacco
Breastfeeding, healthy weight, nutrition and physical activity
Mental Health Foundation Young mums together
Young minds.org.uk
Maternity high impact area 6: Reducing the inequality of outcomes for women from black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) communities and their babies
Solihull Approach Understanding your child
Maintaining healthy relationships including sexual health
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Safeguarding (Community)
Provide information about local services, such as family hubs or children’s centres and GPs, where young parents can seek additional support and advice.
Teenage mothers and young fathers: support framework
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
Mental and emotional health and wellbeing
Early years high impact area 2: supporting maternal and family mental health
NHS.UK Mental health in pregnancy
Mental Health Foundation Young mums together
Young minds.org.uk
Maternity high impact area 6: Reducing the inequality of outcomes for women from black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) communities and their babies
Solihull Approach Understanding your child
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
While young parents are receiving targeted support, continue to provide the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Safeguarding (Community)
Nurturing parenting
Where parents and carers have been identified as requiring targeted intervention due to concerns about inconsistent parenting, provide an assessment to identify health needs, strengths and vulnerability within the family.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support on healthy coping strategies, reducing parental conflict, or intensive parenting support to enhance their skills and confidence
Early years high impact area 1: Supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Early years high impact area 5: Improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
Alcohol, drugs and tobacco
DWP Reducing parental conflict: tools for commissioners, managers and leaders
Solihull Approach Understanding your child
NSPCC Learning Baby steps
NSPCC How childhood trauma affects child brain development
UNICEF Building a happy baby: a guide for parents
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Safeguarding (Community)
Where parents and carers have learning disabilities, provide an assessment to identify health needs, strengths and potential vulnerability.
Based on need, provide personalised clinical interventions, for example targeted advice and support on healthy coping strategies or intensive parenting support to enhance their skills and confidence.
Early years high impact area 1: supporting the transition to parenthood
Early years high impact area 2: Supporting maternal and family mental health
Early years high impact area 5: Improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Safeguarding (Community)
Provide accessible information about local services, such as family hubs or children’s centres and GPs, where parents and carers can seek additional support and advice. Where required, give assistance with interpreting information and accessing other sources of support.
Solihull Approach Understanding your child
NSPCC Learning Baby steps
NSPCC How childhood trauma affects child brain development
UNICEF Building a happy baby: a guide for parents
Best beginnings Baby buddy app
GOV.UK Understanding accessibility requirements for public sector bodies
NHS England Accessible information standard
Where additional targeted or specialist services are required, follow local pathways to complete appropriate and timely referral.
Where there are safeguarding concerns, follow statutory guidance and local safeguarding procedures.
DfE Working together to safeguard children
Safeguarding (Universal)
Safeguarding (Targeted)
Safeguarding (Community)
Continue to provide parents, carers and the infant with the universal and community offer and work in partnership with other agencies while providing targeted support.
Health visiting and school nursing delivery model
Universal
Community
Infants who frequently miss health appointments, are not brought to appointments or attend health services inappropriately are at risk of poor outcomes. Follow up non-attendance of health appointments or frequent use of A&E and provide support, information and advice to parents or carers as appropriate.
Non-attendance at appointments can be a sign of neglect. Where there are safeguarding concerns, referrals to children’s social care should be made.
Safeguarding
Early years high impact area 5: Improving health literacy, managing minor illnesses and reducing accidents
No child left behind: a public health informed approach to improving outcomes for vulnerable children
Metrics and outcomes indicators
Use evidence and data to monitor factors which may benefit from intensive parenting support. Compare local data with similar areas, within a region and nationally, to identify opportunities for improvement. Use evidence and data to evaluate and demonstrate improvements in population health and other outcomes resulting from targeted intervention.
OHID Fingertips Child and maternal health
OHID Fingertips Teenage pregnancy and young parents reports
OHID Fingertips Public Health Outcomes Framework
OHID Fingertips user guidance
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